أهلاً وسهلاً
The cardinal genre of Arabic literature, called "the register of the Arabs" (dīwān al-ʿArab = ديوان العرب) is the age-old phrase whereby Arabs have acknowledged the status and value that poetry has always retained within their cultural heritage. (The phrase: “poetry is the register or Arabs” was originally attributed to Ibn Abbas عبد الله ابن عباس, c. 619-687 CE.) From the very earliest stages in the Arabic literary tradition, poetry has reflected the deepest sense of Arab self-identity, of communal history, and of aspirations. The figure of the poet in the pre-Islamic era was associated with "divine inspiration"; the poet was seen as the tribal spokesperson, one who praised the tribe's illustrious past and hurled invective at its enemies. The Arabic ode originating in oral forms and possibly in song, followed an esthetic that appealed primarily to the listener and had tightly codified tropes. The composition of ringing odes has remained a direct one from the pre-Islamic era through the pre-modern period, when poetic eulogies extolled the ruler and reflected a pride in the achievements and extent of the Islamic dominions, to the modern period, in which the poet has felt called upon to either reflect or oppose the prevailing political mood. In times of crisis it has always been, and still remains, the poet’s voice that is first raised to reflect the tragedies, the anger, the fears, and the determination of the Arab people.
Notorious Poets & Poetry (samples) الشعراء *الأدب العربي* العصر الجاهلي
(Jahiliyah [Pre-Islamic Arabia] & Early Islam = الأدب في العصر الجاهلي)
<---Antara & <--- Ablah
- Mu'allaqat = The Hanged Poems, before 622 CE
- The Hanged Poems - Introduction - Sacred Texts
- Abu Tammam
- Ali Ibn Abi Talib
- Amr ibn Kulthum
- Antarah ibn Shaddad (525–615) عنترة
- Busayri
- Farazdaq, ca. 641-ca. 728
- Abu l-Hasan al-Husri (d. 1095)
- Imru' al-Qays
- Majnun Layla [a.k.a. Qays Ibn al-Mulawwah]
- The Man Who Loved Too Much : The Legend of Leyli and Majnun / by Jean-Pierre Guinhut, (French Ambassador to Azerbaijan) - Azerbaijan International, Autumn 1998 (6.3)
- Selections
- Nabighah al-Dhubyani
- Imam al-shafi'i
- Tarafah ibn al-'Abd
- Al-Hakim al-Tirmidhi
- Al-Hakim al-Tirmidhi's (attrib.) Bayan al-Farq
- KITAB AL-`ILAL (A paper read at the 1960 annual meeting of the American Oriental Society held in New Haven, Connecticut, and updated in 2006)
- Urwah ibn al-Ward
LAMIYAT AL ARAB لامـيـّة الـعـرب لـلـشـنـفـرى
The Lāmiyyāt ‘al-Arab (the L-song of the Arabs) is the pre-eminent poem in the surviving canon of the pre-Islamic 'brigand-poets' ( الـشـعـراء الـصـعـالـيـك al-shu‘arā’ al-ṣa‘ālīk). It was included in the seminal anthology of pre-Islamic verse, the eighth-century CE Mufaḍḍaliyāt, and attracted extensive commentary in the medieval Arabic tradition. The poem also gained a foremost position in Western views of the Orient from the 1820s onwards.[1] The poem takes its name from the last letter of each of its 68 lines, L (Arabic ل, lām). The poem is traditionally attributed to the putatively sixth-century CE outlaw (ṣu‘lūk) Al-Shanfarā, but it has been suspected since medieval times that it was actually composed during the Islamic period, conceivably—as reported by the medieval commentator al-Qālī (d. 969 CE) -- by the early anthologist Khalaf al-Aḥmar.[2] The debate has not been resolved; if the poem is a later composition, it figures al-Shanfarā as an archetypal heroic outlaw, an anti-hero nostalgically imagined to expose the corruption of the society that produced him.
Archetype and Attribution in Early Arabic Poetry: Al-Shanfarā
Some famous Jahili poets:
المعلقات * Al-Muʿallaqāt
Pre-Islamic Poetry: Mu’allaqat, Sa’alik, Ritha
Pre-Islamic poetry laid the foundation for all subsequent Arabic poetry, and formed a key referent for Arabic grammar and Qurʾān exegesis. Its structure, motifs, and images constituted a literary model for Umayyad, Abbasid, Fatimid, Andalusian, and Mamluk poetry, and its grammatical and lexical usages formed a tool to understand the Qurʾānic message and to measure the purity of later Arabic expressions.
The Muʻallaqāt Arabic: المعلقات, [al-muʕallaqaːt]) is a group of seven long Arabic poems that are considered the best work of pre-Islamic Arabia.[1.] The name means The Suspended Odes or The Hanging Poems, the traditional explanation being that these poems were hung on or in the Kaaba at Mecca.[2.] The name Mu‘allaqāt has also been explained figuratively, as if the poems "hang" in the reader's mind.
Along with the Mufaddaaliyyat, Jamharat Ashʻar al-ʻArab and Asmā'iyyāt, the Mu'allaqāt are considered the primary source for early Arabic poetry.[
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Al-Muʿallaqāt | Arabic literature | Britannica.com
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The social context of pre-islamic poetry - Dr. Jonathan Brown
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The Image of Woman in pre-Islamic Qasida:Mu'allaqat Poetry
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What is the truth of the Seven Suspended Poems
Classic & Pre-Islamic Arabic Poetry
- The Qit'a byISBN: 1480005819Publication Date: 2012-11-26~*~THE QIT'A~*~ Anthology of the 'Fragment' in Arabic, Persian and Eastern Poetry. Translations, Introduction Paul SmithContents... Introduction: Arabic Poetry, Persian Poetry. The Form & Function of the Qit'a. THE POETS (In Order of Appearance) Al-A'sha, Khansa, Omar Ibn Abi Rabi'a, Suhaym, Ali Ibn Husain, Raba'i of Basra, Majnun, Bashshar, Abu Nuwas, Abu Tammam, Abbas of Merv, Hanzalah, Firuz, Dhu'l-Nun, Bayazid Bistami, Al-Nuri, Junaid, Sumnun, Mansur al-Hallaj, Abu Salik, Abu Shakur, Shibli, Junaidi, Shahid, Rudaki, Agachi, Rabi'a Balkhi, Khusravani, Al-Mutanabbi, Manjik, Daqiqi, Mantiki, Umarah, Kisa'i, Firdausi, Farrukhi, Asjadi, Manuchihri, Unsuri, Al-Ma'arri, Azraqi, Mas'ud Sa'd, Suhrawardi, Al-Ghazali, Mu'izzi, Hamadani, Sana'i, Sabir, Mahsati, Jabali, Vatvat, Anvari, Falaki, Khaqani, Zahir, Ibn 'Arabi, Sadi, Amir Khusraw, Auhadi, Ibn Yami, Obeyd Zakani, Salman, Hafiz, Ruh Attar, Junaid Shirazi, Jahan Khatun, Shah Shuja, Kasin Anwar, Jami, Helali, Amullah, Waisi, Akbar, Faizi, Talib, Nef'i, Qudsi, Sa'ib, Khushal, Bedil, Ali Haidar, Mir, Zafar, Qa'ani, Iqbal, Parvin, Huma. Pages 427.COMMENTS ON PAUL SMITH'S VERSION HAFIZ'S 'DIVAN'."It is not a joke... the English version of ALL the ghazals of Hafiz is a great feat and of paramount importance. I am astonished. If he comes to Iran I will kiss the fingertips that wrote such a masterpiece inspired by the Creator of all." Dr. Mir Mohammad Taghavi (Dr. of Literature) Tehran. "Superb translations. 99% Hafiz 1% Paul Smith." Ali Akbar Shapurzman, translator and knower of Hafiz's Divan off by heart.Paul Smith is a poet, author and translator of over 80 books of Sufi poets from Persian, Arabic, Urdu and other languages including Hafiz, Sadi, Nizami, Rumi, 'Attar, Sana'i, Mu'in, Lalla Ded, Majnun, Nesimi, Kabir, Anvari, Ansari, Jami, Rudaki, and his own poetry, fiction, plays, biographies and screenplays.
- War Songs byCall Number: olin PJ7696.A53 A2 2018ISBN: 9781479858798Publication Date: 2018-10-09Poems of love and battle by Arabia's legendary warrior From the sixth-century highlands of Najd in the Arabian peninsula, on the eve of the advent of Islam, come the strident cries of a legendary warrior and poet. The black outcast son of an Arab father and an Ethiopian slave mother, 'Antarah ibn Shaddad struggled to win the recognition of his father and tribe. He defied social norms and, despite his outcast status, loyally defended his people. 'Antarah captured his tumultuous life in uncompromising poetry that combines flashes of tenderness with blood-curdling violence. His war songs are testaments to his life-long battle to win the recognition of his people and the hand of 'Ablah, the free-born woman he loved but who was denied him by her family. War Songs presents the poetry attributed to 'Antarah and includes a selection of poems taken from the later Epic of 'Antar, a popular story-cycle that continues to captivate and charm Arab audiences to this day with tales of its hero's titanic feats of strength and endurance. 'Antarah's voice resonates here, for the first time in vibrant, contemporary English, intoning its eternal truths: commitment to one's beliefs, loyalty to kith and kin, and fidelity in love.
- Anthology of Classical Arabic Poetry: From Pre-Islamic Times to Al-Shushtari byCall Number: olin PJ7694.E1 P46 2006ISBN: 9781479278145Publication Date: 2012-09-07ANTHOLOGY OF CLASSICAL ARABIC POETRY(From Pre-Islamic Times to Al-Shushtari)Translations, Introduction and Notes by Paul SmithCONTENTS: Classical Arabic Poetry... page 7, The Qasida... 10, The Qit'a... 11, The Ghazal... 12, The Ruba'i... 16, Selected Bibliography... 17: THE POETS (In Order of Appearance) Imra' ul-Qays 17, Zuhair 29, Harith 39, Antara 46, Tarafa 58, Amru 71, Al-A'sha 80, Suhaym 82, Labid 84, Ka'b 96, Khansa 100, Hazrat Ali 102, Ali Ibn Husain 111, Omar Ibn Abi Rabi'a 106, Majnun (Qays ibn al-Mulawwah) 109, Rab'ia of Basra 116, Bashshar 123, Abu Nuwas 126, Abu Tammam 151, Dhu'l-Nun 155, Bayazid Bistami 163, Al-Nuri 163, Junaid 169, Sumnun 171, Mansur al-Hallaj 173, Ibn 'Ata 181, Shibli 183, Al-Mutanabbi 185, Al-Ma'arri 211, Ibn Sina 233, Al-Ghazali 236, Gilani 239, Abu Madyan 243, Suhrawardi 248, Ibn al-Farid 250, Ibn 'Arabi 265, Al-Busiri 278, Al-Shushtari 284. Pages 287.COMMENTS ON PAUL SMITH'S TRANSLATION OF HAFIZ'S 'DIVAN'."It is not a joke... the English version of ALL the ghazals of Hafiz is a great feat and of paramount importance. I am astonished. If he comes to Iran I will kiss the fingertips that wrote such a masterpiece inspired by the Creator of all. " Dr. Mir Mohammad Taghavi (Dr. of Literature) Tehran."Superb translations. 99% Hafiz 1% Paul Smith." Ali Akbar Shapurzman, translator of many mystical works in English into Persian and knower of Hafiz's Divan off by heart. "Smith has probably put together the greatest collection of literary facts and history concerning Hafiz." Daniel Ladinsky (Penguin Books author of his own poems inspired by Hafiz). Paul Smith is a poet, author and translator of over 80 books of Sufi poets of the Persian, Arabic, Urdu, Turkish, Pashtu and other languages... including Hafiz, Sadi, Nizami, Rumi, 'Attar, Sana'i, Jahan Khatun, Obeyd Zakani, Mu'in, Amir Khusrau, Nesimi, Kabir, Anvari, Ansari, Jami, Omar Khayyam, Rudaki, Yunus Emre, Mahsati and many others, as well as his own poetry, fiction, plays, biographies, children's books and twelve screenplays. www.newhumanitybooksbookheaven.com
- Arabic Love Poetry from the Desert byISBN: 9789197895477Publication Date: 2012-02-01The main body of the present book is a presentation of 62 Arabic poems in the original from the 7th century of the work of Qays b. al-Mulawwah (d. 688), also known as Majn n Leyla "the one who was mad about Leyla." Each Arabic poem has an English translation on the facing page. The English text has footnotes referring to comments that are placed at the end of the work. The poems tell the story of Qays' love to his cousin, Leyla bint Mahdıy (d. 688), better known as Leyla al-Amirıya, and provide insights into themes that were prevalent in the ashar al-ghazal al-udhrı "platonic or virginal love poems" during the Ummayad era and onwards. A consuming passion emerges from the versions that have inspired countless of people more than 1200 years ago and throughout the centuries. About the Author: Joyce Akesson has studied the Semitic languages at Lund's University, Sweden and has previously been a lecturer there during many years. She is the author of several books about foreign linguistics, among which "Causes and Principles in Arabic," "Arabic Proverbs and Wise Sayings," "A Study of Arabic Phonology," "The Basics & Intricacies of Arabic Morphology," "The Phonological Changes due to the Hamza and Weak Consonant in Arabic," "A Study of the Assimilation and Substitution in Arabic," "The Essentials of the Class of the Strong Verb in Arabic," "The Complexity of the Irregular Verbal and Nominal Forms & the Phonological Changes in Arabic," "Arabic Morphology and Phonology based on the Marah" and "Ahmad b. Ali b. Masud on Arabic Morphology, Part One: The Strong Verb." She has also published several articles about Arabic linguistics in two Journals, the Journal of Arabic Linguistics (the ZAL or Zeitschrift f r Arabische Linguistik) Wiesbaden, and the previous Acta Orientalia, Denmark. She has also written a lemma about sarf "morphology/phonology in the Encyclopaedia of Arabic Language and Linguistics, vol. 4. Leiden: Brill, 20. She is also the author of three books of poems "Love's Thrilling Dimensions," "The Invitation" and "Majnun Leyla: Poems about Passion."
A Sketch Map of Arabic Poetry Anthologies - Arabic poetry anthologies up to the fall of Baghdad in 759/1258
Modern Poets & Poetry [Samples]
Arabic poetry (al-bab.com)
Metrical circles in Arabic poetry
Just How New is “New” Arab Poetry [Arrow Smith Press]
ابحث في أكثر من 114288 قصيدة لـ 1216 شاعراً وشاعرة
A collection of references for poetry and poets, starting from the pre-Islamic era, and passing through the eras that followed, up to modern poetry.
- Abou-Al-kacem El-chebbi الشابيالقاسمأبو
- Ilya Abu Madi
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- From Static Harmony to Dynamic Contradiction: The Contradictory Visions of the Unified but not Unitarian Self: A Contradictory Study of Adonis.
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On Adonis -- A Poet Responds, Some Further Remarks on Arabic Poetry / by Etel Adnan
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Adonis Indicts Arabic Poetry, Past and Present / By Elie Chalala
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An Arab Poet Who Dares to Differ (The New York Times, July 13, 2002)
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Tahiyyah ila Baghdad = A Salute to Baghdad (AL-Quds al-Arabi, 1 April 2003, p.1)
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Nass Ghayr Manshur 'An Ziyarah Wahidah ila Baghdad, 1969 (al-Hayat 5/15/2003: p. 12)
- Syrian Poet Adonis Seen as Nobel Prize Frontrunner (By REUTERS Filed at 11:33 a.m. ET, October 1, 2003 )
- Adonis & Beirut / al-Hayat, Saturday, November 08, 2003, p. 16.
- Adonis in Tunisia: Interviews to La Presse & al-Sabah newspapers
- The Arab Spring and Adunis' Revolution, in Context
- Abd al-Wahhab al-Bayati
- Abdul Wahab al-Bayati, 73; Iraqi Poet and Innovator in His Art [https://www.nytimes.com Aug 5, 1999]
- Obituary: Abdel Wahab al-Bayati | The Independent
- Abd al-Wahhab Al-Bayati - Authors' Calendar
- Mahmud Darweesh *محمود, درويش*
- "An al Insan (Oppression from a Palestinian Eye)
- "An al Umniyat
- Bitaqat hawiyah
- Ila Ummi ['Ashiq min Filastin : shi'r. Hayfa: Maktabat al-Nur, 1966. p. 29-31.]
- Muhammad
- Risalah min al manfa
- The Challenge
- Poetry of Arab Pain: Are Israeli Students Ready? (The New York Times, March 7, 2000)
- al-Karmel: majallah thaqâfiyyah (edited by the late Mahmûd Darwîsh, 1999-2006)
- Khalil Gibran جبران خليل جبران
- Ounsi El-Hajj أنسي الحاج
- Khalil Hawi
- Khalil Hawi: A Graceful Poet from the Vineyards of Lebanon / By Fuad Said Haddad (Middle East Quarterly, Vol. 2, No. 7, 1995)
- Ahmad Matar
- MuZaffar al-Nawwab
- Nizar Qabbani
-
Poetry recital by Nizar Qabbani (Presented at AUB's Assembly Hall, January 30, 1995)
- Nizar Qabbani, Sensual Arab Poet, Dies at 75 (The New York Times, May 1, 1998)
- Sayyab السيّاب
- Bader Shakir al-Sayyab :: Jehat.com
- بدر شاكر السياب (.adab.com)
- Sayyid Qutb
- Ahmad Shawqi
- Naguib Surur
- Fadwa Tuqan
- Mayy Ziyadah [May Zeyadeh]
- Arabian Gulf's Poetry
- Khalid al-Faysal
- Saud al-Faysal
- Saqr al-Nisafi
- Arabian Gulf's Poetry - Old
- A poetess caught between modernity and tradition (Badia Kashghari, S. Arabia) [Arab News, January 3, 1997]
15 Arab Poets of the 21st Century
5 Radical Female Arab Poets You Need to Know
********************************************************************************
Robyn Creswell: Arabic Poetry and the Project of Modernity [video. American Academy in Berlin, May 2, 2016]
Modern Poetry
- Modern Arabic poetry 1800-1970: The development of its forms and themes under the influence of Western literature (Studies in Arabic literature) byCall Number: olin PJ7561.M83 1976ISBN: 9789004047952Publication Date: 1976
- Anthology of Classical Arabic Poetry byISBN: 9781479278145Publication Date: 2012-09-07ANTHOLOGY OF CLASSICAL ARABIC POETRY(From Pre-Islamic Times to Al-Shushtari)Translations, Introduction and Notes by Paul SmithCONTENTS: Classical Arabic Poetry... page 7, The Qasida... 10, The Qit'a... 11, The Ghazal... 12, The Ruba'i... 16, Selected Bibliography... 17: THE POETS (In Order of Appearance) Imra' ul-Qays 17, Zuhair 29, Harith 39, Antara 46, Tarafa 58, Amru 71, Al-A'sha 80, Suhaym 82, Labid 84, Ka'b 96, Khansa 100, Hazrat Ali 102, Ali Ibn Husain 111, Omar Ibn Abi Rabi'a 106, Majnun (Qays ibn al-Mulawwah) 109, Rab'ia of Basra 116, Bashshar 123, Abu Nuwas 126, Abu Tammam 151, Dhu'l-Nun 155, Bayazid Bistami 163, Al-Nuri 163, Junaid 169, Sumnun 171, Mansur al-Hallaj 173, Ibn 'Ata 181, Shibli 183, Al-Mutanabbi 185, Al-Ma'arri 211, Ibn Sina 233, Al-Ghazali 236, Gilani 239, Abu Madyan 243, Suhrawardi 248, Ibn al-Farid 250, Ibn 'Arabi 265, Al-Busiri 278, Al-Shushtari 284. Pages 287.COMMENTS ON PAUL SMITH'S TRANSLATION OF HAFIZ'S 'DIVAN'."It is not a joke... the English version of ALL the ghazals of Hafiz is a great feat and of paramount importance. I am astonished. If he comes to Iran I will kiss the fingertips that wrote such a masterpiece inspired by the Creator of all. " Dr. Mir Mohammad Taghavi (Dr. of Literature) Tehran."Superb translations. 99% Hafiz 1% Paul Smith." Ali Akbar Shapurzman, translator of many mystical works in English into Persian and knower of Hafiz's Divan off by heart. "Smith has probably put together the greatest collection of literary facts and history concerning Hafiz." Daniel Ladinsky (Penguin Books author of his own poems inspired by Hafiz). Paul Smith is a poet, author and translator of over 80 books of Sufi poets of the Persian, Arabic, Urdu, Turkish, Pashtu and other languages... including Hafiz, Sadi, Nizami, Rumi, 'Attar, Sana'i, Jahan Khatun, Obeyd Zakani, Mu'in, Amir Khusrau, Nesimi, Kabir, Anvari, Ansari, Jami, Omar Khayyam, Rudaki, Yunus Emre, Mahsati and many others, as well as his own poetry, fiction, plays, biographies, children's books and twelve screenplays. www.newhumanitybooksbookheaven.com
- The Poetry of Arab Women from the Pre-Islamic Age to Andalusia byISBN: 9781138323575Publication Date: 2019-06-07This is a compilation of poetry written by Arabic women poets from pre-Islamic times to the end of the Abbasid caliphate and Andalusia, and offers translations of over 200 poets together with literary commentary on the poets and their poetry. This critical anthology presents the poems of more than 200 Arabic women poets active from the 600s through the 1400s CE. It marks the first appearance in English translation for many of these poems. The volume includes biographical information about the poets, as well as an analysis of the development of women's poetry in classical Arabic literature that places the women and the poems within their cultural context. The book fills a noticeable void in modern English-language scholarship on Arabic women, and has important implications for the fields of world and Arabic literature as well as gender and women's studies. The book will be a fascinating and vital text for students and researchers in the fields of Gender Studies and Middle Eastern studies, as well as scholars and students of translation studies, comparative literature, literary theory, gender studies, Arabic literature, and culture and classics. lds of Gender Studies and Middle Eastern studies, as well as scholars and students of translation studies, comparative literature, literary theory, gender studies, Arabic literature, and culture and classics.
- Modern Arabic Literature in Translation byISBN: 0863565972Publication Date: 2005-05-01This indispensible guide to modern Arabic literature in English translation features not only a comprehensive bibliography but also chapters on fiction, drama, poetry, and autobiography, as well as a special chapter on Iraq's Arabic literature. By focusing on Najib Mahfuz, one of Arabic Literature's luminaries, and on poetry--a major, if not the major genre of the region-- Altoma assesses the progress made towards a wider reception of Arabic writing throughout the western world.
- Tree and the branch : studies in modern Arabic literature and contributions of Iraqi-Jewish writers byCall Number: olin PJ7538 .M673 1997ISBN: 9652239402Publication Date: 1997
- Arabian Love Poems byCall Number: olin PJ7858.A2 A24x 1999ISBN: 9780894108815Publication Date: 1998-12-01This translation of Nizar Kabbani's poetry is accompanied by the striking Arabic texts of the poems, penned by Kabbani especially for this collection. Kabbani was a poet of great simplicity - direct, spontaneous, musical, using the language of everyday life. He was a ceasless campaigner for women's rights, and his verses praise the beauty of the female body, and of love. He was an Arab nationalist, yet he criticized Arab dictators and the lack of freedom in the Arab world.
- Arabic Poetry A Primer for Students (English and Arabic Edition) byCall Number: olin PJ7692.E3 A66ISBN: 9780521092579Publication Date: 1965-01-02Originally published in 1965, this is an introductory book for university students of Arabic literature. It begins with a substantial introduction in English by Professor Arberry on the development, nature, forms and rhythms of Arabic poetry. The main body of the book is an anthology of Arabic poems in the original, from the sixth century onwards, giving examples of the work of some thirty of the greatest Arab poets. Each poem has a literal English translation on the facing page; the notes, on points of language and style, are placed at the foot across the whole opening. Biographical notes on the poets are placed at the end of the book.
- Arabic Poems byISBN: 9780375712432Publication Date: 2014-08-05A bilingual anthology of poems from the sixth century to the present, Arabic Poems is a one-of-a-kind showcase of a fascinating literary tradition. The Arabic poetic legacy is as vast as it is deep, spanning a period of fifteen centuries in regions from Morocco to Iraq. Themes of love, nature, religion, and politics recur in works drawn from the pre-Islamic oral tradition through poems anticipating the recent Arab Spring. Editor Marlé Hammond has selected more than fifty poems reflecting desire and longing of various kinds: for the beloved, for the divine, for the homeland, and for change and renewal. Poets include the legendary pre-Islamic warrior 'Antara, medieval Andalusian poet Ibn Zaydun, the mystical poet Rabi'a al-'Adawiyya, and the influential Egyptian Romantic Ahmad Zaki Abu Shadi. Here too are literary giants of the past century: Khalil Jibran, author of the best-selling The Prophet; popular Syrian poet Nizar Qabbani; Palestinian feminist Fadwa Tuqan; Mahmoud Darwish, bard of occupation and exile; acclaimed iconoclast Adonis; and more. In their evocations of heroism, nostalgia, mysticism, grief, and passion, the poems gathered here transcend the limitations of time and place.