ILRID 2510: Foundations of Diversity Dynamics: Citation Basics

Make sure you collect as much of this information that you can for every resource you use. 

If it's a book: 

This information can often be found on the page after the Title page in the front of the book. If you got the book from the library, you can also look in the library catalogue to see this information. 

1. Title of the book. 
2. Author(s) or editor(s) of the book
3. Place of Publication 
4. Publisher
5. Year of publication

Example (APA 7th ed): 

Moss, H. (2021). Great minds think differently: Neurodiversity for lawyers and other professionals. American Bar Association.

If it's an article from a journal: 

1. Title of the Article
2. Title of the Journal (different from the title of the article)
3. Author(s) of the article
4. Year published
5. Volume of the journal 
6. Issue of the journal
7. DOI or Permanent URL of the article
8. The start and end pages of the article

Example (APA 7th Ed): 

Mueller, K., & Pearlman, S. S. (2023). Neurodiversity and the legal profession. Nebraska Lawyer, 26(5), 33–38.

If it's a newspaper article: 

1. Title of the article
2. Title of the newspaper
3. Author(s) of the article
4. Month, day and year published
5. DOI or Permanent URL of the article

Example (APA 7th ed): 

Olson, E. (2015, August 18). A long and arduous path to partnership for Black lawyers. The New York Times.

If it's an online video: 

1. Director (if known). For music videos, use the name of the band. For tv shows, use the name of the show. 
2. Year posted
3. Title of the Video (if known). 
4. Website it was posted on (YouTube video, Instagram)
5. Username of the person who posted the video. 
6. Direct link to the video. 

Example (APA 7th ed): 

Last week tonight. (2024, September 26). Disability benefits: Last week tonight with John Oliver (HBO). [Video], YouTube. https://youtu.be/hq2s7RMRsgs?si=Tw3Uz-Y72xoBfizR.

If it's an image: 

1. Artist's name (or social media account that posted the image)
2. Date of creation or when it was posted
3. Title of the artwork (or the social media caption)
4. Medium and size (if a painting or sculpture)
5. Location of artwork (if a painting or sculpture in a museum) or the URL (for online images)

Example (APA 7th ed): 

Denali National Park and Preserve. (2013). Lava [Photograph]. Flickr. https://www.flickr.com/photos/denalinps/8639280606/

Citation (Style) Guides Available Online

Quick access to MLA and APA styles:

Purdue OWL APA style guide

More online citation (style) guides: